Umthombo: I-Financial Times kaZhao Meng
Muva nje, i-CiIE yesine ifinyelele esiphethweni esiyimpumelelo, yaphinda yethula ikhadi lombiko elihlaba umxhwele emhlabeni. Ngonyaka owodwa, i-CIIE yalo nyaka inenzuzo enqwabelene yama-US $70.72 billion.
Ukuze kuhlinzekwe ababuki nabathengi ekhaya naphesheya, izikhungo zamabhange ziyaqhubeka nokucebisa nokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zemikhiqizo yezezimali enqamula imingcele, futhi zenze izinsiza ezididiyelwe zezezimali eziwela imingcele ekhaya naphesheya. Kungabonakala ukuthi i-CIIE ayigcinanga nje ngokuba inkundla yokubonisa emaphakathi yezimpahla zasekhaya nezangaphandle, kodwa futhi "ifasitela lokubonisa" lokujula kanye nokusungula izinsizakalo zezezimali eziwela imingcele yezikhungo zamabhange.
Ezinyangeni eziyi-10 zokuqala zalo nyaka, inani eliphelele lezimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kanye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe laseChina lenyuka ngamaphesenti angama-31.9 unyaka nonyaka, idatha evela ku-General Administration of Customs yabonisa. Kuyabonakala ukuthi ngokudlondlobala kokuvuleka kwezinga eliphezulu kweShayina kanye nokukhula okuqhubekayo kohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, ibhizinisi lezezimali eliwela imingcele yemboni yamabhange selingene emgudwini wokuthuthuka. Izinsizakalo zezezimali ezinqamula imingcele ezimelelwe "i-one-stop", "inthanethi" kanye "ne-straight-through" ziya ngokuya zifinyeleleka futhi kulula ukuzisebenzisa.
"Izimali eziwela imingcele, okuhloswe ngazo ukunikezela izinga eliphezulu lokuvula amathuba, zizokwamukela indawo ebanzi yentuthuko namathemba." Engxoxweni abe nayo ne-Financial Times, uZheng Chenyang, osebenza naye eBank of China Research Institute, uthe amabhange ezentengiselwano adinga ukuqhubeka nokwenza ngcono ikhwalithi nokusebenza kahle kwezinsizakalo zezezimali eziwela imingcele njengoba ukuhweba komhlaba kubeka izidingo eziphakeme emngceleni. amasevisi ezezimali.
Ukusungulwa komkhiqizo kuyisici futhi kunembe ngokwanele
Intatheli ithole ukuthi kunezinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo yokuhlukaniswa kwezimali kwemingcele, kodwa zonke zihlukile komunye nomunye. Zonke zihlanganiswe ezinsizeni ezintathu eziyisisekelo "zokushintshanisa", "ukushintshanisa" kanye "nokuxhaswa ngezimali". Ku-CIIE yalo nyaka, amabhange amaningana aseShayina ethule izinhlelo zesevisi yezimali ezikhethekile ezihambisana nezidingo zangempela zamabhizinisi futhi enza ezawo izici.
Fingqa okuhlangenwe nakho kwezinsizakalo zangaphambili zezikhathi ezintathu ku-Expo, ibhange lokungenisa kwamanye amazwe kulo nyaka lizobe lihlela ukuthuthukela kunguqulo 4.0, ebizwa nge- "Yi Hui global", iqokomisa ezine "ezilula", okungukuthi "lula, kulula ukuzijabulela. , kulula ukwakha, kulula ukuhlanganisa”, ukujula okuqhubekayo kwemikhiqizo yezezimali kanye nezinsizakalo zokungenisa indawo, njengomongo wohlobo lohwebo lwenkundla yohwebo lwangaphandle "iphoyinti, umugqa, ubuso" nxazonke, uhlelo lokusekela olunezinhlangothi eziningi, Ifaneleka kakhulu izidingo ezihlukene neziqondene nomuntu zamabhizinisi ahlukahlukene.
Izinsizakalo zezezimali ezinjalo ziye zabonakala zidingeka kakhulu amabhizinisi. Ngokwemibiko, ngokwethembela ohlelweni lwenkonzo olukhethekile lwezezimali lwe-“Jinborong 2020” olukhishwe ku-CiIE yesithathu, i-Export-Import Bank yase-China isisekele amabhizinisi acishe abe ngu-2,000 amakhasimende angaphezu kuka-300, ngebhalansi yebhizinisi ecishe ibe yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-140 zamayuan, okubandakanya amazwe angaphezu kwama-40 nezifunda ezifana neSingapore neMalaysia, okushayela ngaphezu kwamabhiliyoni angama-570 wamayuan okungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle.
I-Shanghai Pudong Development Bank izohlanganisa i-digitalization, i-green and low-carbon, kanye nesayensi nezobuchwepheshe emisha ohlelweni lwezinsizakalo zezezimali ze-ciIE. Ngokubheka izidingo zokuthengwa kwempahla ze-CiIF, sizoqhubekisela phambili ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi wesevisi yokuhweba nge-inthanethi. Sizovula izincwadi zokungenisa imali ngesikweletu ngokubhanga ku-inthanethi, ngaphandle kokuhambisa izinto zokufaka isicelo sephepha ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, futhi singakwazi ukwazi ukuqhubeka kwebhizinisi ngesikhathi sangempela, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle.
I-Bank of China igxile ekuhlanganisweni okujulile kokwakhiwa kwezindawo eziwela umngcele, ezemfundo, ezemidlalo nezesiliva nezinkonzo ze-ciIE, ihlanganise izinsiza zokwakha indawo yemvelo endaweni eyodwa, futhi idale imodeli "yezezimali + yesehlakalo" "yokufinyelela iphuzu elilodwa kanye ne-panoramic. impendulo” nge-ciIE njengomongo, okudala indlela entsha yezinsiza zezezimali zemvelo.
Ukuguqulwa kwedijithali kwezezimali eziwela umngcele kwasheshisa
“Ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi wokukhipha imali owela imingcele we-GUANGfa Bank 'ngefasitela elilodwa' lohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, ungathola imininingwane yezimpahla kanye nesizinda sohwebo ngokuchofoza okukodwa, okuqeda inqubo yokusingatha ibhizinisi eyisicefe futhi kwenze ukuthunyelwa kwemali kuphumelele. Ukuthengiselana kokuqala esikwenzile, kusukela ekubuyekezeni ibhange kuya ekukhokheni okokugcina, akuzange kuthathe isikhathi esingaphezu kwesigamu sehora.” I-China Construction Investment (Guangdong) international trade Co., LTD., kusho.
Kubikwa ukuthi, ngo-August kulo nyaka, ibhange lokuthuthukiswa kwe-guangdong kanye ne-General Administration of Customs (ihhovisi likazwelonke lokuphatha amachweba) basayine isivumelwano sokugqugquzela ngokuhlanganyela "iwindi elilodwa" lezezimali zohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nomshwalense, ukwakhiwa komsebenzi wesevisi ngezinga elikhulu ukuze qaphela ukwabelana ngolwazi lwedatha, ukwandisa izinsizakalo zezezimali kanye nokuqanjwa okusha kwesicelo sesayensi nobuchwepheshe, ukungenisa nokuthekelisa amabhizinisi ukuze ahlinzeke ngezinsizakalo ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezilula, ukukhuthaza ukugunyazwa kokuhwebelana kwezimpahla.
Kuhle ukusho ukuthi esimweni sokusabalala okuqhubekayo kwalolu bhubhane phesheya, amabhizinisi afanelekile anesidingo esiphuthumayo “sokungaxhunywana naye” kanye “nokukhokha okusheshayo” kwezinsizakalo zezezimali eziwela imingcele. Eqhutshwa ukuncintisana kontanga kanye nesidingo samakhasimende, amabhange ezentengiselwano asheshisa ukusetshenziswa kwezimpumelelo ze-fintech ukuze afeze uguquko lwedijithali nokuthuthukiswa kwezezimali eziwela imingcele.
“Insizakalo ye-cross-border direct settlement” ku-CIIE yalo nyaka idonse ukunaka kwemakethe. Intatheli iyaqonda ukuthi leli bhange "limelene nokushushumbiswa kwezimali kanye nokulwa nobushokobezi ngezimali, ukubalekela intela", ngesisekelo kodwa ngemiyalo yekhasimende ngqo ukubhekana nokukhokhiswa kwe-akhawunti yamahhala yasendaweni neyangaphandle, i- common cross- I-akhawunti yokukhokhela i-RMB yasemngceleni kanye nokushintshisana kwe-akhawunti yokuhweba mahhala kulula, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuthi amakhasimende athumele ezinye izinto zokwakha, izinsiza ezengeziwe zokugqugquzela.
U-Liu Xingya, isekela lomqondisi weNdlunkulu yaseShanghai ye-People's Bank of China, uthe izikhungo zezezimali kufanele zithuthukise izinhlelo zazo zesevisi nemikhiqizo yezezimali ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zababukisayo nabathengi basekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, futhi zinikeze imingcele ebanzi nesezingeni eliphezulu. izinsiza zezezimali zawo wonke amaqembu e-CIIE.
Ukuhlukahluka ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo sezimali esiwela umngcele
Njengamanje, amanye amabhange aseShayina ayaqhubeka nokuhlanganisa unqenqema lwawo oluholayo ezinsizeni zezezimali eziwela umngcele. Ngokombiko wekota yesithathu weBank of China, iphethe u-41.2% wesabelo semakethe ku-CIPS (uhlelo lokukhokha lwe-RMB oluwela umngcele), igcina indawo yokuqala emakethe. Inani lokuqedwa kwe-RMB emngceleni libe ngama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-464, likhuphuke ngo-31.69% unyaka nonyaka, nokugcina isibalo esihamba phambili emhlabeni.
Uma ebheka ikusasa, uZheng Chenyang ukholelwa ukuthi ukulungiswa kwenqubomgomo yomnotho omkhulu, izinguquko ohlelweni lwezohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, ukuguqulwa kwesakhiwo sezimboni kanye nokuthuthukiswa kanye nochungechunge lwezinto ezinquma isiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi lezezimali eliwela umngcele. Njengesikhungo sezezimali sasebhange, kuphela ngokuqhubeka nokuzijwayeza amakhono angaphakathi singakwazi ukuthola amathuba ekwakhiweni kwephethini entsha yentuthuko.
“Izikhungo zamabhange kumele ziqale ziqinise iphethini entsha yokuthuthukiswa kwezinsiza, zisebenzise ngokugcwele izimakethe ezimbili kanye nezinsiza ezimbili ekhaya naphesheya, zibambe amathuba okujula ekuvulelekeni kwenqubomgomo yamazwe angaphandle, okuhle kwasekhaya okuvinjwa uhwebo lwamahhala, uhwebo lwamahhala. itheku, lilungile, ukuhweba kwe-Canton fair kanye nezimpahla zokugqoka kuzohlinzeka ngokusekelwa okuqinile kwezezimali kanye nesiqiniseko seplatifomu entsha, Sizothatha ithuba lokubambisana kwezomnotho nezokuhwebelana kwesifunda njenge-Belt and Road Initiative kanye ne-RCEP ukuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwamazwe ngamazwe. ibhizinisi futhi sijulise ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhizinisi awela imingcele.” Kusho uZheng Chenyang.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqubuka kwalolu bhubhane kuye kwagqamisa izinzuzo zomnotho wedijithali. Uhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe luba ngedijithali futhi luhlakaniphe ngokushesha. Isibonelo, i-e-commerce ewela imingcele isiphenduke amandla amasha okukhulisa ukuhweba. Ochwepheshe okwaxoxwa nabo bavumile ukuthi isinyathelo esilandelayo, umkhakha wamabhange ukwandisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezesayensi nobuchwepheshe, ukusetshenziswa kwedatha enkulu, ama-chain blocks, njengobuchwepheshe bezezimali, okugxile ekuhwebeni kwedijithali, ibhizinisi eliwela imingcele, ukuhweba nge-inthanethi nezinye izindawo ezibalulekile, izakhiwo, inkundla yesevisi yezezimali ewela imingcele kanye nendawo yesehlakalo, ukusungulwa komkhiqizo wokuhweba ngezimali ku-inthanethi, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-digital pratt & ezezimali kanye nochungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngezezimali, Ukunika amandla imodeli entsha yezinsizakalo zezezimali eziwela imingcele ngokusebenzisa idijithali.
U-Zheng Chenyang ugcizelele ukuthi ukuvulwa kwezimali kanye nezinsizakalo zezezimali eziwela imingcele zidinga ukubamba ubudlelwano phakathi kokukhushulwa okuphelele kanye nempumelelo ebalulekile. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, indawo enkulu yetheku lase-guangdong kanye ne-i-inan free trade port ukusheshisa ibe “ifasitela” lokuvula i-China emazweni angaphandle ingakwazi ukuhambisana noxhaso oluhambisanayo lwamaBhange ayo, ukuhwebelana nokutshala izimali, ukwenziwa kwamazwe ngamazwe kwe-renminbi cross- amasevisi ezezimali emngceleni, njengokuphromotha kwemikhiqizo emisha, isisekelo samakhasimende esiqinile, isipiliyoni sesevisi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-23-2022